What is the optimal duration for vigabatrin monotherapy in patients with infantile spasms: 6 months or longer?

Vigabatrin (VGB) is approved as monotherapy for pediatric patients with Infantile Spasms (IS). Duration of VGB use should be limited because of the risk of retinal and neurotoxicity, but the optimal length of treatment is unknown. Our study aimed to determine the risk of spasms relapse after 6 months of VGB as first-line therapy in IS patients deemed VGB good responders.The participants were 44 infants with IS who demonstrated both absence of clinical spasms and hypsarrhythmia four weeks after starting ...

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Comparison of 4 weeks versus 12 weeks antiseizure medication for acute symptomatic seizures in children with Acute Encephalitis Syndrome: An open-label, randomized controlled trial,

Acute encephalitis syndrome is a global problem. World Health Organization has defined AES as a ‘child of any age, at any time of year with the acute onset of fever and a change in mental status (including symptoms such as confusion, disorientation, coma, or inability to talk) and/or new onset of seizures (excluding simple febrile seizures)’.1 AES can be caused by bacterial, viral infections, fungal, parasitic, and spirochetal infections. The etiology varies depending on geography and season. Common causes of ...

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Depressive disorders and quality of life in patients with Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures and Drug Resistant Epilepsy living in Argentina

Epileptic seizures are defined as transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to an abnormal excessive and hypersynchronous neuronal activity in the brain cortex [1, 2]. Epilepsy is considered as drug resistant epilepsy (DRE) when seizure freedom has not been achieved after two tolerated and appropriately chosen AEDs schedules, determined from seizures occurring within the past 12 months [3]. Approximately 30-40% of the people with epilepsy do not achieve seizure control [4,5] however only a few patients suspected of DRE are ...

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SEIZURE-INDUCED REVERSIBLE MRI ABNORMALITIES IN STATUS EPILEPTICUS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Status epilepticus (SE) is a neurological emergency associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. The incidence of SE has been reported to be between 9.9 and 41 per 100,000 person-years, with a bimodal peaking in children and the elderly.[1] Ascertaining the underlying aetiology of SE is an essential step of management, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain plays an important role. Abnormalities seen on MRI do not always reflect a pathology, however, as several studies have reported ...

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Efficacy and safety of ketogenic dietary theraphies in infancy. A single-center experience in 42 infants less than two years of age.

Epilepsy is one of the major neurological disorders in childhood, and its incidence is higher during the first two years of life [1]. Seizure in infants may lead to severe cognitive problems and may seriously affect psychomotor developmentb [2]. In addition, some severe epileptic encephalopathies typically appear in the first months of life. Pharmacological treatment of epilepsy in infancy is often ineffective, and up to one third of infants may have drug resistant epilepsy. In this group of patients, the ...

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Causes and classification of first unprovoked seizures and newly-diagnosed epilepsy in a defined geographical area- an all-comers analysis

Epidemiologic studies are needed to understand the burden of epilepsy within a population and to set health service priorities [1]. More detailed reporting of incidence studies, especially with regard to seizure and epilepsy type, aetiology and age-specific results, have been called for, particularly in previously unreported populations [2].

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“Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric patients with epilepsy in Jordan: The caregiver perspective”.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a communicable disease caused by the newly emergent SARS-COV-2 . The literature was able to uncover several aspects of respiratory and non-respiratory manifestations (AlSamman M. et al, 2020). Neurological manifestations have been frequently encountered and documented (Keyhanian K. et al., 2020). Mild complaints of anosmia and ageusia have been used to distinguish contracting COVID-19 from the seasonal flu (La Torre G.et al., 2020). The most commonly reported serious neurological manifestations in young low-risk patients included ...

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