Seizure

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) is a stroke subtype associated with poor prognosis and high mortality. Seizure is a significant complication of ICH, with incidences ranging from 1.7% to 31% [1, 10, 40]. Regardless of the time from onset to ICH, seizures occurring after ICH and related to the occurrence of ICH are called post-ICH seizures. Post-ICH seizures are a combination of early-onset seizures(those occurring within 1–2 weeks of hemorrhage) and late-onset seizures (those occurring thereafter) [20, 29, 31].

Epilepsy is one of the most prevalent neurological disorders characterized not only by recurrent unprovoked seizures,[1] but also by frequent somatic and psychiatric co-morbidities.[2–6] Consequently, epilepsy has major socioeconomic consequences for patients, families, and society[7,8] in addition to a significant loss of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and a reduced life expectancy.[9–13] In a systematic analysis of loss of DALYs, epilepsy ranked fifth among neurological disorders.[9] The Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) Study estimated global, regional, and country-specific prevalence from 317 studies ...

In this study, we used a deidentified hospital administrative database, assembled by Medical Data Vision Co., Ltd., of inpatients and outpatients from Japanese acute-care hospitals [1]. The main advantage of this database is that it has the highest patient enrollment rate of any commercial database in Japan. The basic premise is that, as we have mentioned in our article [1], one of the research limitations of the MDV analyzer is that we do not have access to the raw data ...

Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), is a gene localized on chromosome 10q23.31, first identified as a tumor suppressor gene [1]. PTEN, through its lipid phosphatase motif, is known to be an inhibitor of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway, involved in cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation. Specifically, in the central nervous system (CNS), PTEN and its pivotal regulatory cascade influence brain development during cell migration, neurite outgrowth, synaptogenesis, and myelination [2] [3].

With interest we read the article by Menon et al. about a 28 years old female, with a non-syndromic mitochondrial disorder (MID) due to the compound heterozygous variants c.2070+2T>C and c.2243G>C in POLG1, which manifested phenotypically with mild intellectual disability and epilepsy since age 10 years [1]. She was admitted for fever and serial focal tonic-clonic seizures, which did not respond to phenytoin (PHT), carbamazepine (CBZ), and clobazam (CLB), why levetirazetam (LEV), lacosamide (LCM), and topirmate (TPM) were given, but ...

Epilepsy is a non-commutable disease that affects around 50 million people around the world, with an average of 4-10:1000 habitants. Worldwide it is estimated that 5 million people are diagnosed each year with epilepsy [61]. Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (LGS) is one of the most severe childhood developmental epileptic encephalopathies that typically arise by age 7 years, with peak onset between age 3 and 5 years [16, 19, 57]. This syndrome has multiple causes and an incidence of approximately two cases per ...

Globally, approximately 12 million women with epilepsy (WWE) are in the reproductive age group of 15 to 49 years [1,2]. Most of WWE also need to continue antiseizure medications (ASMs) during the pregnancy period. Infants exposed in utero to ASM are at increased risk of major congenital malformations and neurodevelopmental dysfunctions. [3–7] Prospective studies in infants of WWE with prenatal exposure to ASM show impaired motor and mental development at various stages of development from infancy [8] to preschool age ...

Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurologic conditions affecting women and men of all ages [16]. Studies suggest that epilepsy has a slightly higher incidence in men, associated with a higher prevalence and an increased seizure burden [20]; however, women experience specific conditions, such as cyclical hormonal fluctuations, pregnancy, breastfeeding periods, and acting as the primary caregiver during childrearing, that require particular attention. Women with epilepsy (WWE) require access to specific counseling and comprehensive information regarding the interactions ...

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Myoclonic seizures are involuntary jerks (brief muscular contractions) arising from the central nervous system, which can vary in distribution and intensity and may occur in different epilepsy syndromes, including some types of idiopathic generalised epilepsy (IGE), progressive myoclonus epilepsies and epileptic encephalopathies.[1, 2] The International League Against Epilepsy includes classifications for myoclonic seizures that are both focal and generalised in origin.[3] Some myoclonic epilepsies, including progressive myoclonus epilepsies such as Unverricht–Lundborg Disease, are among the most disabling types of epilepsy.