Seizure

Acute encephalitis syndrome is a global problem. World Health Organization has defined AES as a ‘child of any age, at any time of year with the acute onset of fever and a change in mental status (including symptoms such as confusion, disorientation, coma, or inability to talk) and/or new onset of seizures (excluding simple febrile seizures)’.1 AES can be caused by bacterial, viral infections, fungal, parasitic, and spirochetal infections. The etiology varies depending on geography and season. Common causes of ...

Epileptic seizures are defined as transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to an abnormal excessive and hypersynchronous neuronal activity in the brain cortex [1, 2]. Epilepsy is considered as drug resistant epilepsy (DRE) when seizure freedom has not been achieved after two tolerated and appropriately chosen AEDs schedules, determined from seizures occurring within the past 12 months [3]. Approximately 30-40% of the people with epilepsy do not achieve seizure control [4,5] however only a few patients suspected of DRE are ...

Status epilepticus (SE) is a neurological emergency associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. The incidence of SE has been reported to be between 9.9 and 41 per 100,000 person-years, with a bimodal peaking in children and the elderly.[1] Ascertaining the underlying aetiology of SE is an essential step of management, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain plays an important role. Abnormalities seen on MRI do not always reflect a pathology, however, as several studies have reported ...

To determine treatment responses to various antiseizure medicines (ASMs) in patients with drug resistant juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (DRJME)

: In recent years, studies have examined the relationship between febrile seizures in children and S100B protein with contradictory results. We systematically evaluated the relationship between children’s febrile seizures and S100B protein levels.

Epilepsy is one of the major neurological disorders in childhood, and its incidence is higher during the first two years of life [1]. Seizure in infants may lead to severe cognitive problems and may seriously affect psychomotor developmentb [2]. In addition, some severe epileptic encephalopathies typically appear in the first months of life. Pharmacological treatment of epilepsy in infancy is often ineffective, and up to one third of infants may have drug resistant epilepsy. In this group of patients, the ...

Epidemiologic studies are needed to understand the burden of epilepsy within a population and to set health service priorities [1]. More detailed reporting of incidence studies, especially with regard to seizure and epilepsy type, aetiology and age-specific results, have been called for, particularly in previously unreported populations [2].

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a communicable disease caused by the newly emergent SARS-COV-2 . The literature was able to uncover several aspects of respiratory and non-respiratory manifestations (AlSamman M. et al, 2020). Neurological manifestations have been frequently encountered and documented (Keyhanian K. et al., 2020). Mild complaints of anosmia and ageusia have been used to distinguish contracting COVID-19 from the seasonal flu (La Torre G.et al., 2020). The most commonly reported serious neurological manifestations in young low-risk patients included ...

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 is more likely to cause symptomatic disease in adults than in children. If symptoms do occur, they are often milder compared to those of adults. The main symptoms in children are fever and mild respiratory symptoms [1-5]. Several studies describing the manifestations of acute COVID-19 in children did not report any neurological manifestations, for example, out of 2,306 pediatric patients from China and 81 from Singapore, none reported neurological symptoms [1, ...

Epilepsy, characterized by a prolonged predisposition to generate epileptic seizures, is one of the most common chronic neurologic disorders [1]. Although many differences have been found among these three categories of seizures, including generalized onset seizures, focal onset epilepsy and unknown onset epilepsy, almost 70% of patients with epilepsy (PWE) respond positively to treatment, including pharmacotherapy and nonpharmacy therapy, and become seizure free [2]. However, in addition to seizure attacks, there are many other problems faced by PWE, including social ...