Epilepsy ranks among the most prevalent chronic neurological disorders worldwide. According to epidemiological data from China, the overall prevalence of epilepsy ranges from 4‰ to 7‰, with active epilepsy specifically showing a prevalence of 4.6‰ and an annual incidence rate of approximately 30/100,000 [1]. The 2017 International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) classification framework categorizes epileptic seizures into three main types: focal, generalized, and unknown [2]. Focal seizures represent the predominant form, and several studies have indicated that approximately 61% of epilepsy patients experience focal seizures [3,4].
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