Epilepsy is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent seizures, resulting from abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Despite a decline in its global burden from 1990 to 2021, epilepsy remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in humans [1]. Medication therapy is the most common form of treatment for epilepsy and includes a diverse group of antiseizure medications (ASMs, anticonvulsants) with ranging mechanisms of action and varying efficacies [2]. Although newer ASMs have reported advantages in tolerability and safety, particularly in the treatment of older patients and women of childbearing potential, none of them appear to be more efficacious than first-generation ASMs [3–5].
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