Epileptic spasms (ES) are a type of seizure characterized by brief contractions of the axial and proximal limb muscles and are typically characterized by ictal polyphasic slow waves with superimposed faster frequencies on electroencephalogram (EEG)[1]. ES are most commonly observed in infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS), a devastating developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE), however, they may also occur in other epilepsy syndromes (i.e., Lennox Gastaut syndrome)[1]. IESS is characterized by ES, the EEG finding of hypsarrhythmia and often by developmental stagnation and/or regression[2].
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