Identifying individuals who will go on to have another seizure after a first unprovoked seizure (FUS) is a major clinical dilemma. After FUS, 40-52% of patients will have seizure recurrence within 2 years [1], meeting the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) criteria for epilepsy. Alternatively, the finding of epileptiform abnormalities on EEG or an epileptogenic lesion on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after FUS is used to make an epilepsy diagnosis ([2,3]) and inform the commencement of anti-seizure medication (ASM).
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