Efficacy and safety of phenytoin and levetiracetam for acute symptomatic seizures in children with acute encephalitis syndrome: an open label, randomised controlled trial.

Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) encompasses a diverse range of inflammatory brain parenchymal diseases that share similar clinical presentations.[1] This syndrome is characterized by the sudden onset of fever and altered sensorium, with or without seizures (excluding febrile seizures).[2] Globally, the reported incidence of encephalitis varies from 6.3 to 7.4 cases per 100,000 individuals across all age groups and 10.5 to 13.8 cases per 100,000 children.[3]

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