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Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS) is one of the most prevalent and well-defined epilepsy syndromes. In general, MTLE-HS is recognized as a representative form of medically refractory epilepsy with a poor prognosis compared to other focal epilepsies [1–3]. On the other hand, for drug-resistant MTLE-HS, epilepsy surgery is the most efficient with a favorable prognosis, resulting in a seizure remission rate of 60–80% [4–8]. Therefore, the overall prognosis of MTLE-HS may be disproportionately biased toward drug resistance owing to the excellent surgical outcomes for MTLE-HS.