Central nervous system infections, including acute encephalitis, are a significant cause of epilepsy in children aged 3 and 10 years worldwide [4]. Infection could lead to structural lesions, and could result in epilepsy, such as seizures after the acute phase of viral encephalitis or postencephalitic epilepsy (PEE). PEE is among the common sequelae of acute encephalitis, with an incidence of 5.5%-35%([5, 8, 14, 15, 20, 21, 24, 26, 32];). Brain damage in the acute phase, leading to repeated subsequent seizures, could develop into refractory epilepsy, with an incidence of 7%-14.5%([14, 20, 32];).
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