Pilomotor seizures in autoimmune limbic encephalitis: description of two GAD65 antibodies – related cases and literature review.

Ictal piloerection (IP) is a rare manifestation of focal seizures subjectively associated with the sensation of goosebumps or shivers, and it may be distributed on one or both sides of the body. Pilomotor seizures mainly originate from the mesial temporal lobe. Although the precise neural network of IP has not yet been determined, the generator is suspected to lie in the insula or amygdala [1]. Previous analysis of the “localising value” of IP has not given conclusive results. Clearly unilateral IP has been shown to be ipsilateral to the epileptogenic zone [1], whereas a mild prevalence of left temporal lobe seizure onset has been reported in bilaterally distributed IP [2].

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