The ketogenic diet (KD), a high-fat, adequate protein, and low-carbohydrate diet, is one of the most effective alternative treatment options for children with medication-resistant epilepsy.1 Fat content of the diet provides up to 90% of calories. Thus, KD is not a simple dietary regulation, but a form of medical therapy that causes major changes in energy metabolism and therefore can cause many side effects such as constipation, kidney stones and dyslipidemia.2 Previous short-term studies reporting elevated blood lipids and adverse effects on the cardiovascular system raise concerns about dyslipidemia and potential cardiovascular risks of KD therapy.
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