Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease, characterized by a fluctuating course (1). Worldwide, incidence and prevalence vary substantially in attribution to ethnicity and geographic exposure to diverse environmental factors. Updated estimates reported an annual incidence of 0.3-31.5 and prevalence of 3.2-517.5 cases per 100,000 individuals, with the highest numbers observed in childbearing years women, predominantly those of African-American, Asian, Hispanic and Aboriginal ancestry (2).
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