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In 1825, Camille Bouchet and Jean-Baptiste Cazauvieilh published gross neuroanatomy-pathological findings from postmortem studies of several epilepsy cases [1,2]. Some years later, Wilhelm Sommer focused on histopathology findings of the human hippocampus in a series of 90 patients with epilepsy. He thoroughly described the common pattern of pyramidal neuronal cell loss in CA1 with concomitant gliosis as a structural correlate of the tissue hardening (sclerosis) [3]. Shortly after, hippocampal sclerosis was associated with different neuronal cell loss patterns throughout all hippocampal sectors, including CA4 [4], initiating the age of microscopy diagnosis in epilepsy.