Epilepsy affects 70 million people worldwide, 90 % of whom are in developing regions [1]. In Italy and other European countries, seizure disorders are among the most widespread neurological diseases, which affect an estimated 500.000 people with more than 30.000 new diagnoses every year [2,3]. More than one factor makes epilepsy a complex disease: its definition is regularly reviewed based on the new seizure criteria and classifications [4,5]; there are still unknown causes [6], and several cognitive mechanisms remain undefined [7]; its course can change in response to treatment [8]; finally, because of drug-resistant epilepsy [9], more than one-third of patients do not achieve seizure control by current treatments [10].
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