Structured testing during seizures: a practical guide for assessing and interpreting ictal and postictal signs during video EEG long term monitoring

Seizures have many different manifestations, with diverse clinical signs and symptoms, together referred to as ictal semiology [1–4]. Semiology can help determine the hemisphere and lobe of seizure onset. To characterise a patient’s habitual seizures, admission is often required to a long-term electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring unit (LTM). A video recording of all captured seizures is correlated with the simultaneously recorded EEG to either confirm or refute the epileptic nature of the event [5], and in presurgical cases potentially identify the hemisphere (lateralisation) and cerebral lobe (localisation) of seizure onset [6].

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