Epileptic seizures are a common reason for emergency room (ER) consultations. Several studies have indicated that approximately 45% of new-onset seizures (NOS) have no presumed cause, and 40% to 50% of these patients will ultimately receive a diagnosis of epilepsy [1]. It is controversial whether a single epileptic seizure with an underlying condition that increases the probability of recurrence should be considered epilepsy. According to the latest definition proposed by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE), the diagnosis of epilepsy requires the presence of two unprovoked seizures separated by >24 hours, or a single unprovoked seizure in patients with a recurrence risk similar to the risk after two seizures (at least 60%) [2].
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