Periodic EEG patterns in sporadic Creutzfeld-Jakob-Disease can be benzodiazepine-responsive and interpreted as non-convulsive status epilepticus

Periodic discharges in EEG and a history of rapidly progressive dementia are known to be associated with sporadic Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease (sCJD). Doubts regarding this rare but fatal diagnosis can arise, when episodic symptoms (seizures, psychiatric features, speech disturbances) are present and the EEG shows epileptiform discharges within this periodicity. This scenario may indicate non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE), which is − in contrast to sCJD − a treatable and frequent condition.

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