Seizure

Electroencephalography (EEG) microstate analysis is a whole-brain imaging technique that can characterize the organization and temporal dynamics of large-scale cortical activity with high temporal resolution [1]. The concept for the microscopic state of EEG comes from the discovery that broad-band spontaneous EEG activity at rest can be described with a limited number of scalp potential topographies, which remain quasi-stable for a specific length of time before rapidly changing into a new map configuration [2].

Psychiatric disorders occur more often in persons with epilepsy (PWE) than in the general population and persons with other neurological diseases [1]. The prevalence of depressive disorders ranges from 30% to 50%, and though neglected for a long time, anxiety disorders occur in 25 to 52% [2–5], with prevalence of 19.6% for anxiety disorders in persons with drug-resistance epilepsy [4]. Interictal psychiatric disorders and symptoms increase the burden of living with epilepsy [2], and are associated with adverse outcomes, poor ...

Action myoclonus renal failure syndrome (AMRF) is a rare form of progressive myoclonic epilepsy (PME) associated with severe renal failure. AMRF is an autosomal recessive (AR) disease manifested by the development of neurologic and/or renal symptoms in the 2nd and 3rd decades. The disease occurs due to mutations in SCARB2, which encodes the lysosomal integral membrane type 2 (LIMP-2) protein [1].

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the add-on treatment of stiripentol (STP) in adult patients with severely pharmacoresistant focal or multifocal epilepsy.

The prevalence of childhood epilepsy in Japan is 8.8 per 1000 children under the age of 13 [1]. In general, approximately two-thirds of these patients are expected to be in remission before puberty, and the remaining one-third must continue medication after adolescence; thus, requiring a transition from pediatric to adult care [2]. The number of patients who transition from pediatric to adult care has been increasing due to medical progress in all childhood disorders [3]. As a result, the transition ...

: Mechanically ventilated patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for generalized convulsive status epilepticus (GCSE) are a heterogeneous population. Our objective was to evaluate the number of patients who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for refractory GCSE and describe their initial management and prognosis.

Generic substitution has become a long standing popularly accepted ‘chatchcry’ on the basis of health economics and hence formulary inclusion (1). It has been widely adopted to reduce the burgeoning cost of health care provision, the claim being that the generic substitute is of almost identical efficacy as is the parent compound upon which the generic is based (2). This may not always be the case, depending upon the salt, potentially used to modify the compound, thought to be the ...

Tonic-clonic seizures carry a very high impact in terms of epilepsy-related injuries and mortality, as well as presenting with very florid ictal manifestations encompassing movements and autonomic alterations. It is then not surprising that tonic-clonic seizures have represented the main focus of wearable seizure detection to date, with fairly successful results in specific contexts (patients evaluated while at rest/sleep and in epilepsy monitoring units (EMUs)). In contrast with the great effort demonstrated for tonic-clonic seizures, the value and importance of ...

Functional seizures, also known as psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) or dissociative seizures, can be differentiated from epileptic seizures based on clinical and electrographic features [1, 2]. It is well established that a substantial proportion of patients with functional seizures suffer from psychiatric comorbidities including depression and anxiety [3-6]. Although multiple studies reported on the psychological features of patients with functional seizures, most evaluated patients with a long duration of illness [7, 8] with a paucity of data on new onset ...

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumour in adults. Between 30 % and 60 % of the GBM patients experience at least one epileptic seizure as the debut symptom or during the course of the disease [1-3]. Epilepsy is often drug-resistant [4]. Epileptic seizures as the presenting symptom of GBM represent an essential aspect, as there have been reports on correlation with longer survival [5-6], while in another study this has not been confirmed [7]. In some studies, ...