Refractory status epilepticus (RSE) is a neurological emergency characterized by persistent seizures despite two appropriate antiseizure medications [1]. New onset RSE (NORSE) represents a severe form of RSE occurring without preexisting neurological disorders. When no etiology is identified [2] a diagnosis of “cryptogenic “NORSE” (cNORSE) is established. Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) is now defined as the subcategory of cNORSE preceded by fever. FIRES accounts for the majority of cNORSE in children [3], but not in adults.
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