Epilepsia. Official Journal of the International League Against Epilepsy

Abstract

Objective

Epilepsy is highly prevalent in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Everolimus showed higher efficacy than placebo for seizures in the primary analysis of the EXIST-3 study. Here, we present the long-term outcomes of everolimus at the end of the postextension phase (PEP; data cutoff date: October 25, 2017).

Methods

After completion of the extension phase, patients were invited to continue everolimus in the PEP with everolimus (targeted trough concentration = 5–15 ng/ml, investigator-judged). Efficacy assessments included changes in seizure status during the ...

Abstract

Objective

Memory impairment is common in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and seriously affects life quality. Chronic stress is a recognized cofactor in epilepsy and can also impair memory function. Furthermore, increased cortisol levels have been reported in epilepsy patients. Animal models have suggested that aggravating effects of stress on memory and synaptic plasticity were mediated via glucocorticoids. The aim of this study was, therefore, to investigate the effect of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) modulation on synaptic plasticity in the human cortex ...

Abstract

Objective

The number, unpredictability, and severity of seizures experienced by patients with Dravet syndrome (DS) negatively impact quality of life (QOL) for patients, caregivers, and families. Metrics are needed to assess whether patients with residual seizures have moved meaningfully toward seizure freedom after treatment with new antiseizure medications.

Methods

We evaluated the time required postrandomization for each patient to experience the same number of seizures experienced during baseline (i.e., time-to-nth seizure), using a post hoc time-to-event (TTE) analysis of data from two Phase ...

Abstract

Objective

The overall prognosis of benign convulsions associated with mild gastroenteritis (CwG) is favorable, and the incidence of afebrile seizure recurrence with or without gastroenteritis (ASwGI and ASwoGI, respectively) is low. In this study we investigated the prognostic factors associated with afebrile seizure (AS) relapse after the first CwG episode.

Methods

A hospital-based cohort with an initial CwG episode from January 2012 to October 2019 was followed for at least 19 months. The relapse types were divided into ASwGI and ASwoGI. Logistic regression analysis ...

Abstract

Objective

Classical clinical characteristics associated with successful or unsuccessful extubation are unreliable in neurocritically ill patients, and attempts to predict successful extubation in this context have failed. We aimed to investigate the frequency of mechanical ventilation (MV) in adult patients in status epilepticus (SE) and its clinical associations, to identify predictors at SE onset of prolonged postictal MV, and to determine the associated outcomes with prolonged MV.

Methods

From 2012 to 2018, SE patients treated in intensive care units at a Swiss academic ...

Abstract

Objective

To identify functional and structural alterations in language networks of people with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), who frequently present with naming and word-finding difficulties.

Methods

Fifty-five patients with unilateral TLE (29 left) and 16 controls were studied with auditory and picture naming functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) tasks. Activation maxima in the left posterobasal temporal lobe were used as seed regions for whole-brain functional connectivity analyses (psychophysiological interaction). White matter language pathways were investigated using diffusion tensor imaging and neurite orientation dispersion and ...

Abstract

Objectives

We aimed to determine the incidence of periodic and rhythmic patterns (PRP), assess the interrater agreement between electroencephalographers scoring PRP using standardized terminology, and analyze associations between PRP and electrographic seizures (ES) in critically ill children.

Methods

This was a prospective observational study of consecutive critically ill children undergoing continuous electroencephalographic monitoring (CEEG). PRP were identified by one electroencephalographer, and then two pediatric electroencephalographers independently scored the first 1-h epoch that contained PRP using standardized terminology. We determined the incidence of PRPs, ...

Abstract

Objective

We describe for the first time clinical characteristics in a series of 20 pre-surgically investigated patients with mild malformation of cortical development with oligodendroglial hyperplasia (MOGHE) who were operated on in our epilepsy center. We aimed to better diagnose this entity and help surgical planning.

Methods

Data on 20 patients with histologically confirmed MOGHE were retrospectively evaluated as to age at epilepsy onset and operation, seizure semiology, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) localization, electroencephalography (EEG) patterns, extent of the operative resection, and postoperative ...