Epilepsia. Official Journal of the International League Against Epilepsy

Abstract

Objective

While interoceptive abnormality in patients with functional seizure (FS) has been demonstrated using explicit tasks, implicit measurements of interoception such as the effect of interoception on perceptual brain processes, have not been investigated. It has been shown that perception
is
normally modulated by interoceptive signals related to the
different phases (systole v diastole) of the
cardiac cycle (cardiac modulation
effect
). Given our previous findings using ...

Abstract

Most cases with new-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) remain cryptogenic despite extensive diagnostic work-up. The aim of this study was to analyse the etiology and clinical features of NORSE and investigate known or potentially novel autoantibodies in cryptogenic NORSE (cNORSE). We retrospectively assessed the medical records of adults with status epilepticus at a Swiss tertiary referral center between 2010 and 2021. Demographic, diagnostic, therapeutic and outcome parameters were characterized. We performed post-hoc screening for known or potentially novel autoantibodies including ...

Abstract

The recent explosion of epilepsy genetic testing has created challenges for interpretation of gene variants. Assessments of the functional consequences of genetic variants either by predictive or experimental strategies can contribute to estimating pathogenicity, but there is no consensus on which approach is best. The Special Interest Group on Epilepsy Genetics hosted a session during the Annual American Epilepsy Society Meeting in December 2022 to discuss this topic. The session featured a debate of the relative advantages and limitations of ...

Abstract

Objective

To evaluate the long-term safety, tolerability, and efficacy of adjunctive brivaracetam (BRV) treatment in pediatric patients with epilepsy.

Methods

Phase 3, open-label, multicenter, long-term follow-up trial (N01266; NCT01364597; patients aged 1 month to <17 years at core trial entry; direct enrollers aged 4 to <17 years) treated with BRV. Outcomes included treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), behavior assessments (Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist [CBCL]; Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function [BRIEF-P/BRIEF]), and efficacy outcomes (percent change in focal seizure frequency, 50% responder rate for all seizure ...

Abstract

Objective

Ictal injuries have long been considered typical signs of epileptic seizures. However, studies have shown that patients with functional seizures (FS) – also named psychogenic non-epileptic seizures – can also present these signs, misleading physicians and delaying a correct diagnosis. This systematic review aimed to assess the prevalence of injuries from FS.

Methods

A literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, OpenGrey, and ProQuest. Observational studies were included. The risk of bias was assessed ...

Abstract

The study aimed to group acute symptomatic aetiologies of consecutive episodes of status epilepticus (SE) into different subcategories and explore their associations with clinical outcome. Aetiologies were firstly categorized as “acute”, “remote”, “progressive”, “SE in defined electroclinical syndromes”, and “unknown”. Four subcategories of acute aetiologies were then defined: i) withdrawal, or low levels, or inappropriate prescription of antiseizure medications, or sleep deprivation in patients with pre-existing epilepsy; ii) acute insults to central nervous system (CNS) (“acute-primary CNS”); iii) CNS pathology ...

Abstract

Objective

The management of patients after a first unprovoked seizure (FUS) can benefit from stratification of the average 50% risk for further seizures. We characterized subjects with FUS, out of a large generally healthy homogenous population of soldiers recruited by law to the Israeli Defense Forces, to investigate the role of the type of service, as a triggers burden surrogate, in the risk for additional seizures.

Methods

Soldiers recruited between 2005 and 2014, who experienced an FUS during their service, were identified from ...

Abstract

Objective

Combining population-based health registries and electronic health records offers the opportunity to create large, phenotypically detailed patient cohorts of high quality. In this study, we used text mining of clinical notes to confirm International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10)-registered epilepsy diagnoses and classify patients according to focal and generalized epilepsy types.

Methods

Using the Danish National Patient Registry, we identified patients who between 2006 and 2016 received an ICD-10 diagnosis of epilepsy. To validate the epilepsy diagnosis and stratify patients into ...

Abstract

Introduction

Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD), hippocampal sclerosis (HS), nonspecific gliosis (NG), and normal tissue (NT) comprise the majority of histopathological results of surgically treated drug-resistant epilepsy patients. Epileptic spikes, high-frequency oscillations (HFOs), and connectivity measures are valuable biomarkers of epileptogenicity. The question remains whether they could also be utilized for pre-resective differentiation of the underlying brain pathology. This study explored spikes and HFOs together with functional connectivity in various epileptogenic pathologies.

Methods

Interictal awake SEEG recordings of 33 patients with focal drug-resistant epilepsy ...