Epilepsia. Official Journal of the International League Against Epilepsy

Abstract

Objective

Temporal plus epilepsy (TPE) represents a rare type of epilepsy characterized by a complex epileptogenic zone including the temporal lobe and the close neighboring structures. We investigated whether the complete resection of temporal plus epileptogenic zone as defined through stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) might improve seizure outcome in 38 patients with TPE.

Methods

Inclusion criteria were as follows: epilepsy surgery performed between January 1990 and December 2001, SEEG defining a temporal plus epileptogenic zone, unilobar temporal operations (“temporal lobe epilepsy [TLE] surgery”) or multilobar ...

Abstract

Variants in γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABA_A) receptor genes cause different forms of epilepsy and neurodevelopmental disorders. To date, GABRA4, encoding the α4-subunit, has not been associated with a monogenic condition. However, preclinical evidence points toward seizure susceptibility. Here, we report a de novo missense variant in GABRA4 (c.899C>T, p.Thr300Ile) in an individual with early-onset drug-resistant epilepsy and neurodevelopmental abnormalities. An electrophysiological characterization of the variant, which is located in the pore-forming domain, shows accelerated desensitization and a lack of seizure-protective ...

Abstract

Objective

Infants with focal-onset epilepsy are an understudied population, requiring additional evaluation for clinical assessment and prognostication. Our goal was to characterize the etiology and natural history of infantile-onset focal epilepsy.

Methods

We retrospectively identified all infants (0–24 months) with onset of focal epilepsy while resident in Olmsted County, Minnesota, between 1980 and 2018, using the Rochester Epidemiology Project Database. We assessed the impact of etiology on both seizure and neurodevelopmental outcome, and mortality.

Results

Of 686 children with epilepsy onset <18 years, 125 (18.2%) presented with ...

Abstract

Objective

Postsurgical seizure outcome following laser interstitial thermal therapy (LiTT) for the management of drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) has been limited to 2 years. Furthermore, its impact on presurgical mood and anxiety disorders has not been investigated. The objectives of this study were (1) to identify seizure outcome changes over a period ranging from 18 to 81 months; (2) to investigate the seizure-free rate in the last follow-up year; (3) to identify the variables associated with seizure freedom; and (4) to ...

Abstract

Objective

Previously, we reported that inhibition of the astrocytic cystine/glutamate antiporter system xc- (SXC), using sulfasalazine (SAS), decreased evoked excitatory signaling in three distinct hyperexcitability models ex vivo. The current study expands on this work by evaluating the in vivo efficacy of SAS in decreasing astrogliosis-mediated seizure burden seen in the beta-1 integrin knockout (B1KO) model.

Methods

Video-EEG (electroencephalography) monitoring (24/7) was obtained using Biopac EEG acquisition hardware and software. EEG spectral analysis was performed using MATLAB. SAS was used at an equivalence ...

Abstract

Light flashes, patterns, or color changes can provoke seizures in up to 1 in 4000 persons. Prevalence may be higher because of selection bias. The Epilepsy Foundation reviewed light-induced seizures in 2005. Since then, images on social media, virtual reality, three-dimensional (3D) movies, and the Internet have proliferated. Hundreds of studies have explored the mechanisms and presentations of photosensitive seizures, justifying an updated review. This literature summary derives from a nonsystematic literature review via PubMed using the terms “photosensitive” and ...

Abstract

Objective

Long-term automatic detection of focal seizures remains one of the major challenges in epilepsy due to the unacceptably high number of false alarms from state-of-the-art methods. Our aim was to investigate to what extent a new patient-specific approach based on similarly occurring morphological electroencephalographic (EEG) signal patterns could be used to distinguish seizures from nonseizure events, as well as to estimate its maximum performance.

Methods

We evaluated our approach on >5500 h of long-term EEG recordings using two public datasets: the Seguir leyendo →

Abstract

Objective

This study was undertaken to determine whether undiagnosed illness duration (time between functional seizures [FS] onset and diagnosis) is linked to differences in neural response and functional connectivity during processing of stressful experiences.

Methods

Forty-nine participants with traumatic brain injury preceding the onset of FS confirmed by video-electroencephalography were recruited prospectively. Participants completed psychiatric symptom assessments before undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with an acute psychosocial stress task. Linear mixed effects (LME) analyses identified significant interactions between the factors of group ...

Abstract

Objective

An exploratory analysis from a long-term, phase 3, open-label, repeat-dose safety study of diazepam nasal spray for acute treatment of seizure clusters assessed the use of a second dose up to 24 hours after the initial dose and effectiveness in potentially reducing the number of seizures.

Methods

Seizures and doses were recorded in diaries.

Results

Of 175 patients enrolled, 163 received ≥1 dose of diazepam nasal spray and were included in the safety population; those patients received a total of 4390 doses for a total ...

Abstract

Epilepsy is a disorder of brain networks. A better understanding of structural and dynamic network properties may improve epilepsy diagnosis, treatment, and prognostics. Hubs are brain regions with high connectivity to other parts of the brain and are typically situated along the brain’s most efficient communication pathways, supporting large-scale brain wiring and many higher order neural functions. The visualization and analysis of hubs offers a perspective on regional and global network organization and can provide novel insights into brain disorders ...