Epilepsia. Official Journal of the International League Against Epilepsy

Abstract

Objective

Despite growing interest in the potential use of exogenous ketones for the treatment of epilepsy, their impact on seizures and the gut microbiome and mycobiome remain unclear.

Methods

Here, we examined the effects of both oral gavage and subcutaneous (SC) injection of a ketone ester (KE) in spontaneously epileptic Kcna1-null (KO) mice that model seminal aspects of human temporal lobe epilepsy. Electroencephalographic recordings and biochemical analyses were performed in KE-treated KO mice. Fecal microbial and fungal communities were profiled to determine whether ...

Abstract

Objective

Little is known about the incidence of late onset epilepsy (LOE) across different racial/ethnic groups in the USA, particularly in the Hispanic population. Stroke, a strong predictor of LOE, is more common in non-Hispanic Blacks (NHBs) and Hispanics than in non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs). We assessed the incidence of LOE across racial/ethnic groups and examined whether the associations of stroke with LOE risk differ by race/ethnicity.

Methods

The Northern Manhattan Study is a population-based longitudinal study of older adults enrolled between 1993 and ...

Significant amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition is observed in mesial temporal regions and the ipsilateral anterior cingulate in petients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). These findings suggest biomarkers of neuronal damage are present in TLE, warranting further investigation.

Abstract

Objective

Pathological amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation and hyperphosphorylated tau proteins have been described in resected temporal lobe specimens of epilepsy patients. We aimed to determine cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ1-42 and p181-tau levels and cerebral Aβ deposits ...

Abstract

Objective

To determine the optimal duration of electroencephalography (EEG) recording to detect epileptic spasms (ES) based on inpatient overnight video-EEG monitoring in patients with infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) at the 2-week follow-up.

Methods

Patients with IESS and overnight EEG monitoring between January 2020 and June 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Time-to-ES, time-to-sleep and time-to-epileptic encephalopathy (EE) per the Burden of Amplitudes and Epileptiform Discharges (BASED 2021) score. BASED 2021 score were reported. ES and sleep detection sensitivity were calculated with respect to monitoring ...

The graphical abstract provides an overview of the article’s content. The left panel illustrates the condition where neurons and glial cells sustain normal neuronal activity during brain development. In contrast, the right panel depicts potential alterations in glial and dysmorphic neuronal cells, which, along with an immune response, may trigger neuronal hyperexcitability in the context of cortical malformations (MCDs) and glioneuronal tumors (GNTs).

Abstract

Epilepsy represents ...

Abstract

Objective

This study was undertaken to test whether the postinjury plasma concentration of phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain (pNF-H), a marker of axonal injury, is a prognostic biomarker for the development of posttraumatic epilepsy.

Methods

Tail vein plasma was sampled 48 h after traumatic brain injury (TBI) from 143 rats (10 naïve, 21 controls, 112 with lateral fluid percussion injury) to quantify pNF-H by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. During the 6th postinjury month, rats underwent 30 days of continuous video-electroencephalographic monitoring to detect unprovoked seizures and evaluate ...

Abstract

Objective

Patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) often present with seizures (functional and/or epileptic), but treatments for patients with TBI and seizures are limited. We examined treatment phase and 1-year post-enrollment outcomes following neurobehavioral therapy (NBT) for patients with TBI + functional seizures (FS) and TBI + epilepsy.

Methods

In this multicenter, prospective, three-group, nonrandomized, controlled trial, with 1-year post-enrollment follow-up, three cohorts of adults were recruited: TBI + video-electroencephalography (EEG)-confirmed FS (n = 89), TBI + EEG-confirmed epilepsy (n = 29), and chart/history-confirmed TBI without seizures (n = 75). Exclusion criteria were recent psychotic or self-injurious ...

Abstract

Objective

Epilepsy raises critical challenges to accurately localize the epileptogenic zone (EZ) to guide presurgical planning. Previous research has suggested that interictal spikes overlapping with high-frequency oscillations, referred to here as pSpikes, serve as a reliable biomarker for EZ estimation, but there remains a question as to whether and to how pSpikes perform as compared to other types of epileptic spikes. This study aims to address this question by investigating the source imaging capabilities of pSpikes alongside other spike types.

Methods

A total ...

Abstract

Objective

People with epilepsy (PwE) suffer from progressive brain atrophy, which is reflected as neuroaxonal loss on the retinal level. This study aims to provide initial insight into the longitudinal dynamics of the retinal neuroaxonal loss and possible driving factors.

Methods

PwE and healthy controls (HC; 18–55 years of age) underwent spectral domain optical coherence tomography at baseline and 7.0 ± 1.5 and 6.7 ± 1.0 months later, respectively. The change in retinal thickness/volume and annualized percentage change (APC) were calculated for the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL), ...

Abstract

Objective

To estimate the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) for the parent-reported 55-item Quality of Life in Childhood Epilepsy Questionnaire (QOLCE-55) and its shortened 16-item version, QOLCE-16.

Methods

Data came from 74 children with epilepsy (CWE) (ages 4–10, mean age = 8 [SD = 1.8]) enrolled in the Making Mindfulness Matter in Epilepsy (M3-E) trial, a pilot, parallel randomized-controlled trial of a mindfulness-based intervention. Both anchor-based and distribution-based methods were used to estimate MCID values for the QOLCE-55 and QOLCE-16. For the anchor-based approach, the Patient Centered ...