Poor versus rich children with epilepsy have the same clinical course and remission rates but a less favorable social outcome: A population-based study with 25 years of follow-up

Summary

Objective

To explore the influence of several estimates of family socioeconomic status on the long-term clinical course and social outcomes of children with epilepsy.

Methods

The Nova Scotia childhood epilepsy cohort is population based and includes all children in this Canadian province who developed epilepsy between 1977 and 1985. Eligible patients had ≥10 years of follow-up. Children with childhood absence epilepsy were excluded. Total family income at seizure onset was assessed at seizure onset and classified as “poor” (first quintile), ...

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Lamotrigine and levetiracetam exert a similar modulation of TMS-evoked EEG potentials

Summary

Objective

Antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment failures may occur because there is insufficient drug in the brain or because of a lack of relevant therapeutic response. Until now it has not been possible to measure these factors. It has been recently shown that the combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) can measure the effects of drugs in healthy volunteers. TMS-evoked EEG potentials (TEPs) comprise a series of positive and negative deflections that can be specifically modulated by ...

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Lamotrigine and levetiracetam exert a similar modulation of TMS-evoked EEG potentials

Summary

Objective

Antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment failures may occur because there is insufficient drug in the brain or because of a lack of relevant therapeutic response. Until now it has not been possible to measure these factors. It has been recently shown that the combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) can measure the effects of drugs in healthy volunteers. TMS-evoked EEG potentials (TEPs) comprise a series of positive and negative deflections that can be specifically modulated by ...

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Temporal behavior of seizures and interictal bursts in prolonged intracranial recordings from epileptic canines

Summary

Objective

Epilepsy is a chronic disorder, but seizure recordings are usually obtained in the acute setting. The chronic behavior of seizures and the interictal bursts that sometimes initiate them is unknown. We investigate the variability of these electrographic patterns over an extended period of time using chronic intracranial recordings in canine epilepsy.

Methods

Continuous, yearlong intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) recordings from four dogs with naturally occurring epilepsy were analyzed for seizures and interictal bursts. Following automated detection and clinician verification ...

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Hormone replacement therapy with estrogens may reduce lamotrigine serum concentrations: A matched case–control study

Summary

Lamotrigine (LTG) is an antiepileptic drug that is metabolized via glucuronidation. Since the glucuronidizing enzyme is inducible by estrogens, LTG serum concentrations may fall by 50–60% when combined with hormonal contraceptives that contain ethinyl estradiol (EE). Little is known about a possible interaction between estrogens used for hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and LTG, and the few available data are conflicting. Data from serum samples analyzed for LTG were therefore retrieved from a routine therapeutic drug monitoring database. ...

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Medication adherence in women with epilepsy who are planning pregnancy

Summary

Objective

This study examines medication adherence among women with epilepsy via use of an electronic diary, as part of a prospective multicenter observational study designed to evaluate fertility in women with epilepsy (WWE) versus age-matched controls.

Methods

WWE and healthy age-matched controls, seeking pregnancy, were given an iPod Touch using a customized mobile application (the WEPOD App) for daily data tracking. Eighty-six WWE tracked seizures and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Tracking of nonepilepsy medications was optional. Diary data were counted ...

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Medication adherence in women with epilepsy who are planning pregnancy

Summary

Objective

This study examines medication adherence among women with epilepsy via use of an electronic diary, as part of a prospective multicenter observational study designed to evaluate fertility in women with epilepsy (WWE) versus age-matched controls.

Methods

WWE and healthy age-matched controls, seeking pregnancy, were given an iPod Touch using a customized mobile application (the WEPOD App) for daily data tracking. Eighty-six WWE tracked seizures and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Tracking of nonepilepsy medications was optional. Diary data were counted ...

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Surgical treatment of polymicrogyria-related epilepsy

Summary

Objective

The role of resective surgery in the treatment of polymicrogyria (PMG)–related focal epilepsy is uncertain. Our aim was to retrospectively evaluate the seizure outcome in a consecutive series of patients with PMG-related epilepsy who received, or did not receive, surgical treatment, and to outline the clinical characteristics of patients who underwent surgery.

Methods

We evaluated 64 patients with epilepsy associated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–documented PMG. After presurgical evaluation, 32 patients were excluded from surgical treatment and 32 ...

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The importance of people compliance (social desirability bias) in the assessment of epilepsy prevalence in rural areas of developing countries. Results of the Atahualpa Project

Summary

Epilepsy is a major health issue in rural areas of developing countries. However, heterogeneity of epilepsy prevalence in different studies precludes assessment of the magnitude of the problem. Using similar protocols, two population-based surveys were conducted 12 years apart (2003 and 2015) in a rural Ecuadorian village (Atahualpa). The only difference was a higher people compliance with interviewers during the second survey. Epilepsy prevalence in the 2003 survey was 13.5 per 1,000 (18/1,332) in villagers aged ≥20 ...

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Symptomatic and presumed symptomatic focal epilepsies in childhood: An observational, prospective study

Summary

Objective

To describe the clinical, neuropsychological, and psychopathologic features of a cohort of children with a new diagnosis of symptomatic or presumed symptomatic focal epilepsy at time of recruitment and through the first month. The selected population will be followed for 2–5 years after enrollment to investigate the epilepsy course and identify early predictors of drug resistance.

Methods

In this observational, multicenter, nationwide study, children (age 1 month–12.9 years) with a new diagnosis of symptomatic or presumed symptomatic focal ...

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