Treatment with lacosamide impedes generalized seizures in a rodent model of cortical dysplasia

Summary

Objective

Epilepsy is a common neurologic disorder resulting in spontaneous, recurrent seizures. About 30–40% of patients are not responsive to pharmacologic therapies. This may be due to the differences between individual patients such as etiology, underlying pathophysiology, and seizure focus, and it highlights the importance of new drug discovery and testing in this field. Our goal was to determine the efficacy of lacosamide (LCM), a drug approved for the treatment of focal seizures, in a model of generalized ...

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MicroRNA and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis: Whole miRNome profiling of human hippocampus

Summary

Objective

Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) is a severe neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. mTLE is frequently accompanied by neurodegeneration in the hippocampus resulting in hippocampal sclerosis (HS), the most common morphological correlate of drug resistance in mTLE patients. Incomplete knowledge of pathological changes in mTLE+HS complicates its therapy. The pathological mechanism underlying mTLE+HS may involve abnormal gene expression regulation, including posttranscriptional networks involving microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNA expression deregulation has been reported in various disorders, including epilepsy. ...

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Lacosamide in the treatment of patients with epilepsy and intellectual disabilities: A long-term study of 136 patients

Summary

Objective

This study aimed to analyze the retention rate of lacosamide (LCM) in patients with epilepsy and intellectual disabilities (IDs), to identify factors influencing retention rate, and to investigate the LCM retention rate with and without concomitant sodium channel blocker (SCB). We hypothesized that the retention rate of LCM with concomitant SCB would be lower than without SCB.

Methods

Using the Kaplan-Meier estimator, we conducted a monocentric, retrospective, observational, open-label study to evaluate LCM retention rates in patients with ...

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Epilepsy surgery of “low grade epilepsy associated neuroepithelial tumors”: A retrospective nationwide Italian study

Summary

Objective

To analyze the attitude and results of Italian epilepsy surgery centers in the surgical management of “low grade epilepsy associated neuroepithelial tumors” (LEATs).

Methods

We conducted a retrospective study enrolling 339 consecutive patients with LEATs who underwent surgery between January 2009 and June 2015 at eight Italian epilepsy surgery centers. We compared demographic, clinical, pathologic, and surgical features of patients with favorable (Engel class I) and unfavorable (Engel class II, III, and IV) seizure outcome. In addition, we ...

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Cognitive functioning in children with self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Summary

Objective

It is now well appreciated that benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS, or more recently, ECTS) is associated with a range of cognitive and behavioral disturbances. Despite our improved understanding of cognitive functioning in ECTS, there have been to date no efforts to quantitatively synthesize the available literature within a comprehensive cognitive framework.

Methods

The present systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Forty-two case–control samples met eligibility criteria comprising a total of 1,237 children ...

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Cognitive functioning in children with self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Summary

Objective

It is now well appreciated that benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS, or more recently, ECTS) is associated with a range of cognitive and behavioral disturbances. Despite our improved understanding of cognitive functioning in ECTS, there have been to date no efforts to quantitatively synthesize the available literature within a comprehensive cognitive framework.

Methods

The present systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Forty-two case–control samples met eligibility criteria comprising a total of 1,237 children ...

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Long-term applicability of the new ILAE definition of epilepsy. Results from the PRO-LONG study

Summary

Objective

The new epilepsy definition adopted by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) includes patients with one unprovoked seizure with a probability of further seizures, similar to the general recurrence risk after two unprovoked seizures, occurring in a 10-year period. Long-term follow-up of patients diagnosed after a single seizure is needed to assess the applicability of the new epilepsy definition in clinical practice.

Methods

Patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy were recruited retrospectively with a minimum follow-up of 10 years. Patients ...

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Interactions between cannabidiol and commonly used antiepileptic drugs

Summary

Objective

To identify potential pharmacokinetic interactions between the pharmaceutical formulation of cannabidiol (CBD; Epidiolex) and the commonly used antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) through an open-label safety study. Serum levels were monitored to identify interactions between CBD and AEDs.

Methods

In 39 adults and 42 children, CBD dose was started at 5 mg/kg/day and increased every 2 weeks by 5 mg/kg/day up to a maximum of 50 mg/kg/day. Serum AED levels were obtained at baseline prior to CBD initiation and at ...

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Postoperative seizure freedom does not normalize altered connectivity in temporal lobe epilepsy

Summary

Objectives

Specific changes in the functional connectivity of brain networks occur in patients with epilepsy. Yet whether such changes reflect a stable disease effect or one that is a function of active seizure burden remains unclear. Here, we longitudinally assessed the connectivity of canonical cognitive functional networks in patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), both before and after patients underwent epilepsy surgery and achieved seizure freedom.

Methods

Seventeen patients with intractable TLE who underwent epilepsy surgery with Engel ...

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Postoperative seizure freedom does not normalize altered connectivity in temporal lobe epilepsy

Summary

Objectives

Specific changes in the functional connectivity of brain networks occur in patients with epilepsy. Yet whether such changes reflect a stable disease effect or one that is a function of active seizure burden remains unclear. Here, we longitudinally assessed the connectivity of canonical cognitive functional networks in patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), both before and after patients underwent epilepsy surgery and achieved seizure freedom.

Methods

Seventeen patients with intractable TLE who underwent epilepsy surgery with Engel ...

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