Seizure

Seizures occur in 9–10% of the population [1]. Seizures are a common reason for Emergency Department (ED) visits, accounting for approximately 1–2% of ED visits in the U.S [2]. There is a growing body of literature highlighting disparities in seizure care related to race, ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES). Patients with low SES and seizures are not only more likely to utilize the ED for their seizure care when compared to those with high SES, but are also more likely ...

The diagnosis of acute neurological disorders occurring in patients with a history of alcohol abuse may be challenging. An unusual picture of subacute encephalopathy with seizures (SESA syndrome) in chronic alcoholics was initially characterized by Niedermeyer et al. [1] and Freund and Niedermeyer [2] in 1981. SESA syndrome represents a distinct subtype of localization-related non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) in which recurrent complex partial seizures occur in alcoholic adult individuals, with transient neurologic deficits, interictal periodic lateralized discharges (PLDs) on the ...

A seizure is a clinical manifestation characterized by abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain that occurs instantaneously [1]. Seizures are categorized into provoked seizure and unprovoked seizure, according to whether there are one ore more predisposing factors [2]. A provoked seizure is defined as an acute occurrence caused by stroke, traumatic brain injury, intracranial surgery, central nervous system (CNS) infections or other acute brain disease. And an unprovoked seizure is of unknown cause.

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is a generalized genetic epilepsy (GGE) syndrome, clinically characterized by irregular jerks mainly of shoulders and arms after awakening, with peak of onset between 12 and 18 years, and electroencephalographically by bilateral and synchronous 4–6/s spike and wave complexes, often in the form of polyspike and waves [1]. The main seizure type is myoclonia occurring on awakening, i.e., within 2h, present in all cases. Around 90% of JME patients have generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) and 30% ...