Safety and tolerability of adjunctive lacosamide in a pediatric population with focal seizures-an open-label trial

Focal (partial onset) seizures are often treated similarly in children over 4 years of age and in adolescent or adult patients [1,2]. As in adults, over 25% of children have inadequate seizure control on currently available antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), or have experienced significant adverse drug effects [3,4]. In general, there are fewer data from randomized controlled trials to guide the treatment of epilepsy in pediatric patients compared with adults [5].

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Potential influence of IDH1 mutation and MGMT gene promoter methylation on glioma-related preoperative seizures and postoperative seizure control

Diffuse gliomas are the most common primary brain tumor in adults, affecting about 20,000 people in the US each year [1]. Epileptic seizures often develop in patients with gliomas (40%–70%) and approximately 30% are pharmaco-resistant even after glioma resection [2,3]. There is an abundance of literature supporting the association between tumor grade and histopathology and glioma-related epilepsy [3,4]. However, recent studies suggest that epileptogenesis is also influenced by tumor molecular genetic markers [4–7].

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Yield of Conventional and Automated Seizure Detection Methods in the Epilepsy Monitoring Unit

Monitoring seizures with long-term video-electroencephalography (EEG) in the epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) is one of the most useful diagnostic tools in the epileptologist’s armamentarium. While clinically useful and largely safe, this procedure is not risk-free. Adverse events reported by epilepsy centers include falls, status epilepticus, postictal psychosis, fractures, infections, and the most feared complication, sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) [1]. A large retrospective study noted a SUDEP risk of 1.2 per 10,000 inpatient video-EEG monitoring admissions [2].

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PRRT2 mutations in Japanese Patients with Benign Infantile Epilepsy and Paroxysmal Kinesigenic Dyskinesia

Watanabe et al. reported focal epilepsy of infants with favorable outcome [1,2], and proposed an epilepsy syndrome called benign partial epilepsy in infancy [3]. Benign partial epilepsy in infancy was renamed benign infantile epilepsy (BIE) or benign familial infantile epilepsy (BFIE), if familial, and it has been described in the international classification of epilepsy [4]. Additionally, an association of BIE with paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) has been reported and called infantile convulsions and choreoathetosis [5].

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SUDEP in Spain: first case series and epidemiological analysis

Worldwide, almost 1% of the population suffers from epilepsy and its annual incidence for all ages is approximately 50 – 55 cases per 100,000 inhabitants [1,2]. In Spain, its age- and sex-adjusted prevalence per 1,000 inhabitants is 14.87 [3]. Epidemiological studies mainly focus on patients with active epilepsy, defined as those who have had at least one seizure in the last 5 years [1]. The incidence of active epilepsy is around 5 – 7.5 per 1,000 inhabitants [1,3–5].

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Daytime sleepiness in epilepsy patients with special attention to traffic accidents

Daytime sleepiness in patients with epilepsy (PWE) has been intensively studied, though it remains highly controversial which clinical variable has the greatest relationship. One of the earliest studies of daytime sleepiness in PWE conducted by Hoeppner et al. [1] emphasized the role of epileptic activity in enhancing daytime sleepiness. While some ensuing reports supported that view [2], others did not and instead of epilepsy-related influence proposed other factors. Along with psychiatric co-morbidity and sleep disorders such as restless leg syndrome, ...

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Establishment of low cost epilepsy surgery centers in resource poor setting

Epilepsy is one the commonest neurological diseases with a prevalence of 5 per 1,000 person-years.[1,2] Treatment with antiepileptic drugs remains the primary therapy for all types of epilepsies. However, approximately one third of patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy do not adequately respond to antiepileptic drugs.[3,4] In selected patients with drug resistant epilepsy, epilepsy surgery remains the most effective treatment option [5–7].

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Latencies to First Interictal Epileptiform Discharges in Different Seizure Types During Video-EEG Monitoring

Electroencephalography (EEG) is the gold standard electrophysiological test that is routinely used for presurgical evaluation and differential diagnosis and prognosis of epilepsy [1]. However, it is a dynamic test and specific EEG abnormalities, such as interictal spike waves, sharp waves, which can be combined as interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs), may not be obtained initially because only 29%–56% of patients with epilepsy have IED during the initial recording [1,2]. Therefore, an EEG needs to be repeated to obtain diagnostic data because ...

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Outcomes of pregnant women with refractory epilepsy

Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. Approximately 40% of women suffering with epilepsy are in the reproductive age group. Between 0.3% and 0.7% of all pregnancies are in women with epilepsy. It is the most common neurological disorder requiring medical treatment during pregnancy [1,2]. Epilepsy treatment presents important clinical challenges during pregnancy. Infants of women with epilepsy have an increased risk of congenital malformations due mainly to the teratogenic effect of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) [3].

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