Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) are paroxysmal subjective or objective clinical manifestations resembling seizures that do not arise from epileptiform cortical discharges. These are now considered to be ‘experiential and behavioural responses’ to internal or external stimuli [1,2]. An international consensus clinical practice statement issued in 2011 ranked PNES among the top three neuropsychiatric problems, along with anxiety/ depression and psychosis [3]. It is now considered to be a biopsychosocial disorder with multifactorial aetiology [4,5].
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