Correlation of Levetiracetam Concentration in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells with Clinical Efficacy: A Sensitive Monitoring Biomarker in Patients with Epilepsy

Levetiracetam (LEV) (Keppra, UCB Pharma-SA, Belgium) is a second-generation broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug (AED) with a favourable pharmacokinetic profile. The lack of effect on cytochrome P450 and its minimal protein binding reduce LEV clinically relevant pharmacokinetic interactions. It is a substrate for multiple efflux transporters, including P-glycoprotein (P-gp/ABCB1).[1,2] Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is increasingly recommended in AED-treated patients, though it is not widely practiced for newer AEDs, including LEV.

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