Epilepsia. Official Journal of the International League Against Epilepsy

Summary

Objective

Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a minimally invasive surgery for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE), but the effects of individual patient anatomy and location of ablation volumes affect seizure outcomes. The purpose of this study is to see if features of individual patient structural connectomes predict surgical outcomes after LITT for mTLE.

Methods

This is a retrospective analysis of seizure outcomes of LITT for mTLE in 24 patients. We use preoperative diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to simulate changes in structural connectivity ...

Abstract

People with epilepsy face serious driving restrictions, determined using retrospective studies. To relate seizure characteristics to driving impairment, we aimed to study driving behavior during seizures with a simulator. Patients in the Yale New Haven Hospital undergoing video-electroencephalographic monitoring used a laptop-based driving simulator during ictal events. Driving function was evaluated by video review and analyzed in relation to seizure type, impairment of consciousness/responsiveness, or motor impairment during seizures. Fifty-one seizures in 30 patients were studied. In terms of seizure ...

Abstract

Objective

We determined retention on open-label cenobamate therapy in the clinical development program to assess the long-term efficacy and tolerability of adjunctive cenobamate in individuals with uncontrolled focal seizures.

Methods

Data from two randomized, controlled cenobamate studies and one open-label safety and pharmacokinetic study were pooled. Based on the percentage of participants remaining on treatment, retention rates were estimated using Kaplan-Meier survival analyses. We performed two additional analyses to assess factors contributing to retention, stratifying a robust data set (through 2 years) by cenobamate ...

Abstract

Biomarkers of neuronal damage in status epilepticus (SE) would be of great relevance for clinical and research purposes. In a retrospective cross-sectional study, serum neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels were measured in patients with SE (30 subjects), patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (30 subjects), and healthy controls (30 subjects). Serum NfL levels were higher in patients with SE (median = 26.15 pg/ml) compared to both epilepsy patients (median = 7.35 pg/ml) and healthy controls (median = 6.81 pg/ml; p < .001). In patients with SE, serum NfL levels showed ...

Summary

Objective

This study was undertaken to investigate the COVID-19 vaccine uptake rate and possible postvaccination effects in adults with epilepsy.

Methods

We invited adults with epilepsy attending three centers in China from July 24 to August 31, 2021 to participate in this study. We also asked age- and sex-matched controls among people attending for other chronic neuropsychiatric conditions and healthy controls accompanying people with illness attending the hospitals to participate. We excluded people who, under the national guidelines, had evident contradictions to vaccination. ...

Abstract

Objective

The detection of focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) in magnetic resonance imaging is challenging. Voxel-based morphometric analysis and automated FCD detection using an artificial neural network (ANN) integrated into the Morphometric Analysis Program (MAP18) have been shown to facilitate FCD detection. This study aimed to evaluate whether the detection of FCD can be further improved by feeding this approach with magnetization prepared two rapid acquisition gradient echoes (MP2RAGE) instead of magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo (MPRAGE) datasets.

Methods

MPRAGE and MP2RAGE datasets were ...

Abstract

Reduced anticonvulsant efficacy of benzodiazepines is a problem in the treatment of status epilepticus, with up to 50% of patients failing to respond to their first dose. KCC2 is a neuronal K⁺-Cl⁻ co-transporter that helps set and maintain intracellular Cl⁻ concentrations. KCC2 functional downregulation is a potential contributor to benzodiazepine resistance. We tested this idea using male and female doxycycline-inducible, conditional transgenic mice to increase the functional expression of KCC2 in pyramidal neurons. We administered mice with two doses of ...

Summary

Objective

Vigabatrin (VGB) is the first-line treatment for infantile spasms (IS). Previous studies have shown that VGB exposure may cause vigabatrin-associated brain abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (VABAM). Based on previous studies, this study aimed to go further to explore the possible risk factors and the incidence of VABAM. In addition, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) were compared to explore whether DWI should be used as a routine examination sequence when MRI is performed in children receiving VGB.

Methods

Children ...