Musicogenic epilepsy: Expanding the spectrum of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 neurological autoimmunity

Abstract

The objective of this study was to describe serological association of musicogenic epilepsy and to evaluate clinical features and outcomes of seropositive cases. Through retrospective chart review, musicogenic epilepsy patients were identified. Among 16 musicogenic epilepsy patients, nine underwent autoantibody evaluations and all had high‐titer glutamic acid decarboxylase 65–immunoglobulin G (GAD65‐IgG; >20 nmol·L–1, serum, normal ≤ .02 nmol·L–1, eight women). Median GAD65‐IgG serum titer was 294 nmol·L–1 (20.3–3005 nmol·L–1), and median cerebrospinal fluid titer (n = 4) was 14.7 nmol·L–1. All patients had temporal lobe epilepsy, and ...

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Automated analysis of cortical volume loss predicts seizure outcomes after frontal lobectomy

Abstract

Objective

Patients undergoing frontal lobectomy demonstrate lower seizure‐freedom rates than patients undergoing temporal lobectomy and several other resective interventions. We attempted to utilize automated preoperative quantitative analysis of focal and global cortical volume loss to develop predictive volumetric indicators of seizure outcome after frontal lobectomy.

Methods

Ninety patients who underwent frontal lobectomy were stratified based on seizure freedom at a mean follow‐up time of 3.5 (standard deviation [SD] 2.5) years. Automated quantitative analysis of cortical volume loss organized by distinct brain region and ...

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Thalamic oscillatory activity may predict response to deep brain stimulation of the anterior nuclei of the thalamus

Abstract

We hypothesized that local/regional properties of stimulated structure/circuitry contribute to the effect of deep brain stimulation (DBS). We analyzed intracerebral electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings from externalized DBS electrodes targeted bilaterally in the anterior nuclei of the thalamus (ANT) in 12 patients (six responders, six nonresponders) with more than 1 year of follow‐up care. In the bipolar local field potentials of the EEG, spectral power (PW) and power spectral entropy (PSE) were calculated in the passbands 1–4, 4–8, 8–12, 12–20, 20–45, 65–80, 80–200 ...

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Prolonged epileptic discharges predict seizure recurrence in JME: Insights from prolonged ambulatory EEG

Abstract

Objective

Markers of seizure recurrence are needed to personalize antiseizure medication (ASM) therapy. In the clinical practice, EEG features are considered to be related to the risk of seizure recurrence for genetic generalized epilepsies (GGE). However, to our knowledge, there are no studies analyzing systematically specific EEG features as indices of ASM efficacy in GGE. In this study, we aimed at identifying EEG indicators of ASM responsiveness in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (JME), which, among GGE, is characterized by specific electroclinical features.

Methods

We ...

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Clinical predictors of discordance between screening tests and psychiatric assessment for depressive and anxiety disorders among patients being evaluated for seizure disorders

Abstract

Objective

This study was undertaken to identify factors that predict discordance between the screening instruments Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI‐E) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD‐7), and diagnoses made by qualified psychiatrists among patients with seizure disorders. Importantly, this is not a validation study; rather, it investigates clinicodemographic predictors of discordance between screening tests and psychiatric assessment.

Methods

Adult patients admitted for inpatient video‐electroencephalographic monitoring completed eight psychometric instruments, including the NDDI‐E and GAD‐7, and psychiatric assessment. Patients were grouped according to ...

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First‐line antiepileptic drug treatment in glioma patients with epilepsy: Levetiracetam vs valproic acid

Abstract

Objective

This study aimed at estimating the cumulative incidence of antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment failure of first‐line monotherapy levetiracetam vs valproic acid in glioma patients with epilepsy.

Methods

In this retrospective observational study, a competing risks model was used to estimate the cumulative incidence of treatment failure, from AED treatment initiation, for the two AEDs with death as a competing event. Patients were matched on baseline covariates potentially related to treatment assignment and outcomes of interest according to the nearest neighbor propensity score ...

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Progressive myoclonus epilepsy KCNC1 variant causes a developmental dendritopathy

Abstract

Objective

Mutations in KCNC1 can cause severe neurological dysfunction, including intellectual disability, epilepsy, and ataxia. The Arg320His variant, which occurs in the voltage‐sensing domain of the channel, causes a highly penetrant and specific form of progressive myoclonus epilepsy with severe ataxia, designated myoclonus epilepsy and ataxia due to potassium channel mutation (MEAK). KCNC1 encodes the voltage‐gated potassium channel KV3.1, a channel that is important for enabling high‐frequency firing in interneurons, raising the possibility that MEAK is associated with reduced interneuronal function.

Methods

To ...

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Defining the latent period of epileptogenesis and epileptogenic zone in a focal cortical dysplasia type II (FCDII) rat model

Summary

Objectives

Focal cortical dysplasia type II (FCDII) is one of the most common underlying pathologies in patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy. However, mechanistic understanding of FCDII fails to keep pace with genetic discoveries, primarily due to the significant challenge in developing a clinically relevant animal model. Conceptually and clinically important questions, such as the unknown latent period of epileptogenesis and the controversial epileptogenic zone, remain unknown in all experimental FCDII animal models, making it even more challenging to investigate the underlying epileptogenic ...

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